The Harlem Renaissance, By Gwendolyn Bennett, Walter...

Gwendolyn Bennett, Josephine Baker, Walter White, and Palmer Hayden are some of the many people who influenced the Harlem Renaissance that are idols to those around them, excellent at what they do, and influenced many people to believe that they could do anything they put their heart into. The Harlem Renaissance, was part of the larger New Negro cultural and intelligent movement of the 1920s, remains one of the most studied and popular periods of American and African American literary and cultural history. It was also was a period between World War I and the Great Depression when black artists and writers flourished in the United States. Critics and historians have assigned varying dates to the movement s beginning and end, but most tend to agree that by 1917 there were signs of increased cultural activity among black artists in the Harlem area of New York City and that by the mid-1930s the movement had lost much of its original vigor. Gwendolyn Bennett lived an exciting and full life as a poet, short fiction writer, graphic artist, art and English teacher, columnist for the National Urban League s Opportunity magazine. Which lead to her being the editor of Fire!! The avant-garde magazine produced by young writers of the Harlem Renaissance and head of the Harlem Community Arts Center. For more than twenty years she was actively involved in black culture and the New York arts community. Although Bennett knew she was born on July 8, 1902, in Giddings, Texas, no record of

Julie Free Essays

â€Å"BP is a multinational energy business that has 92,000 employees and operates in 175 countries. When a new chief executive was recruited internally at BP (Tony Hayward), he promised to improve the company’s disappointing performance by quickly changing its culture to become more innovative and responsive to its customers. † Q: How easy do you think it is for a new chief executive to change the culture of an organization quickly? Justify your answer with reference to BP /or other businesses that you know. We will write a custom essay sample on Julie or any similar topic only for you Order Now The BP Company has experienced a huge explosion at its Texas City Refinery in 2005, the oil spillage in Alaska in 2006 and also the Gulf of Mexico explosion in the BP oilfield in 2010, and these occurrences have had effects on the BP’s reputation and the business performance. As a new chief executive officer, Tony Hayward was recruited in June 2007 and he took over for BP’s highly-respected former CEO Lord Browne. The new CEO of BP may be able to use his own leadership or management style to change the culture of the organization and also try to help the business to grow and improve better. However, the extent to which the effectiveness of his way of leading the business and how quickly it can be for change to eh business culture are depends upon different factors. Firstly, Tony Hayward uses the democratic and paternalistic leadership style to manage the business. Hayward was describing as a typical command and control organization that is overly focused on cost-cutting and consumed with firefighting. According to the website, Hayward had shared his opinion of the culture of the business and three major points with other members of senior management. He stated that the BP is having the leadership style that probably is too directive and doesn’t listen sufficiently well. The top of the organization doesn’t listen hard enough to what the bottom of the organization is saying. BP has a management style that has made a virtue out of doing more for less which in some cases is okay and might work, but it needs to be managed and deployed with great judgment and wisdom, and when it isn’t, the BP may run into troubles. Another thing that Hayward is trying to say is that he thinks the BP should think more about the maintenance of a piece of equipment for a longer time period but not the short term benefit like cutting the cost, for example, it is not responsible to cut budgets related to safety and maintenance without thoroughly examining the impact on the risk of a catastrophic accident. At the same time, Hayward is well known and has experiences in the organization. If the workers can get involved more to the business so that this might lead to better decision making and he also want workers to feel more secure and happy in their jobs, since he hope to make the business to become more innovative. For example, in changing situations that demand a new way of thinking or a fresh solution, stuff input can be very helpful and valuable. These management strategies may lead the business to perform better, and if the whole business is having more motivation to work which on the other words means to become more responsive to its customers and furthermore, it may enable BP to raise it reputation and gain its public’s trust again. However, on the other hand, changing the corporative culture of the business can be very difficult and in reality, it take times for the business to get used to the changes before it moves on to the other stage of better business performance. There are also some other factors that can influence the leadership style. For example, if the employees of BP are more used to the leadership style of the previous CEO, although it is believed that management strategies can significant influence the whole business, but it might still lead to a bad or worse business performance or the resistance from the employees from accepting the changes in the culture of the business. The CEO of BP may not be able to change the business culture quickly or expecting a sudden change in the innovative ability of the business, most of the strategies take time to result in the good way and become effective for the whole business. Another factor is that because for the natural of the business, like its reputation has been influence by the serious occurrences that happened before and BP had also lost some public trusts, rather than trying to change negative aspect, it might be better and easier for them to concentrate on the positive aspects of the business and how it currently operates. Some of the external factors that will influence the leader’s ability may be the economic issue like recession, for example, the rapid decisions taken at a senior level may be needed to secure the survival of the business during the recession. There are also some problems associated with the change in organizational culture. Firstly, If the establishment of the new objectives and a mission statement is not clear or is not accurately reflecting the new values and attitudes that are to be adopted, these new aspects of the business all needed to be communicated to all the employees of BP, otherwise it might lead to a demotivation of the workforce of the whole business. Secondly, if the CEO of BP is unable to change the culture of the business in the quick way because of lack of training, so they may need to train staff in new procedures and new ways of working. If the people believe in the change and understand the benefits of it, then it will become more acceptable to them. In conclusion, it is possible for a new chief executive to change the culture of an organization and have positive influences if the CEO implement the right strategies and has set the objects clear and communicate well to the whole business. However, it takes time for the BP Company to accept or get used to the changes of the business culture in a short period of time. Therefore, if the CEO is able to avoid the possible negative influences that might affect the change in organizational culture and the factors that might have an impact on the BP’s performance, then the new CEO may be able to help BP to improve the company’s disappointing performance and achieve its main corporate objectives in the future. How to cite Julie, Papers

Strategy Development Tools for Business Targets -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theStrategy Development Tools for Business Targets. Answer: Introduction One of the most significant things in any business, whether small or significant, is coming up with an achievable mission, vision and long-term goals and objectives. These goals and objectives as put forward by the business management are what keep the business moving on and soaring higher in the zeal to reach its targets. Often, these companies or business that set unrealistic goals and unachievable objectives usually fail in the long run and may suffer closure if the corrective actions are not taken as soon as possible. Strategic planning is precisely defined as the process of creating business objectives, goals and mission as well as creating and implementing strategies with the aim of fulfilling the mission and working towards the targets. To make strategic planning decisions, managers use a variety of tools and techniques which include and are not limited to PESTEL, 5F, PROFIT, SWOT, CIA among others(Lamas Leite, 2015). This paper will take a keen interest in the primary strategic development tools, how they are used and some practical examples. Critical strategic development tools and how they are used As mentioned earlier in this paper, strategy development aims at policy prescription with the view of reaching set goals, objectives and business targets. There are several strategic development tools that are used by managers to achieve their long-term goals. Some of these tools and their practical uses, as well as relevant concrete examples, are discussed below: SWOT analysis SWOT analysis is a tool used in strategic development that involves assessing the strengths, weaknesses of a business as well as the opportunities and threats that business face. SWOT analysis is one of the significant strategic development tools. In strategic development, managers make use of this toll to take advantage of the strengths of the business(Harris, 2015). Different businesses have varying strengths. For instance, a business may be the only legalized firm to carry out a particular business. In other cases, the business may be having a well-known brand and good public command as far as reputation and business image is concerned. In this case, the business managers out into account these strengths when developing business strategies for business goal achievement. These strengths may be utilized as competitive advantages that help the business to quickly outdo their opponents and reach their long-term goals with ease. Business managers also take a keen interest in the weaknesses of the business in question. Sometimes a business may have flaws such as poor business image as a result of crude customer relations, poor utilization of resources and factors of production among others(Niederwieser, 2015). In strategic development, managers try as much as possible to reduce these weaknesses or wise enough turn them into opportunities. In this case, business goals are reached more easily. Business opportunities are also imperative when it comes to strategic development. Managers have to research on the opportunities that a business has and use them as competitive advantages as well as making use of them to reach their set goals and objectives. Opportunities may range from having a command to particular natural resources to making use of government incentives and tax reductions among others(Paroutis, 2014). Well-researched the opportunities of any business yields success in the attainment of its goals. Exploring the possible threats also help managers so much in strategic planning. This knowledge helps them make informed decisions on what to do or not do to reach their goals. These threats include and are not limited to legal issues, the threat of depletion of certainly available reservoirs of raw materials or natural resources among others. Pestel This tool is another significant strategic development too that explores external influences that have an impact on market growth and expansion as well as decision making. This tool looks at the political, economic, social and technological factors and how they may affect decision making for strategic development(Giedrimas, 2016). The political element looks at the existing trading policies and international legislation that may affect the business. It also explores whether there is a likelihood of change in regulation and uses this knowledge to make an informed decision on how to reach business goals. The economic factor is also critical to strategic development. It looks as to whether there are any tax issues that may affect the business, explores the existing domestic economic status as well as whether the business market shares is impacted by globalization. This factor helps managers to make strategies conforming to the current economic situation. The social factor enables strategic developers to know whether consumer tastes and choices are changing towards the business commodities. It also helps them to understand the impacts of changing population on their products(Mkude, 2014). It also looks as to whether there is a change in customer purchasing habit of a particular product whether there are any social attitudes about the product. This knowledge helps them to come up with the best strategies. Technological factors also have a significant impact on strategic development. It enables planners to know the effect of growing technology and modern inventions in their business. It also helps them know whether their business is in a position to stand competition form competitors who use advanced technology(Bull, 2015). This knowledge enables them to explore new ideas on how they can take advantage of the rapidly growing technology to formulate right strategic policies. RBV Resources based view is yet another important strategy development tools. This tool emerged in the 1980s and 1990s, and it believes in the achievement of competitive advantage by the use of resources(Waas, 2014). It argues that look for competitive sources advantages within the company rather than looking for them in the competitive environment. This tool enables businesses to reach their highest organizational performance thereby outdoing their competitors. In strategy development perspective, this tool helps managers make informed decisions about how to reach the company goals using the available resources. Resources are very critical in any business, whether physical, technological or human(Bohari, 2016). In this case, the goals to be achieved are made in a way that the company resources are used as a competitive advantage. One of the practical examples where this tool has been used as a competitive strategy is the competition between Apple Inc. and Samsung electronics where Apple sells more than Samsung even though they are exposed to the same external environment(Armstrong, 2014). Apple out-competes Samsung because it has a big celebrated brand and it is in a position to make user-friendly items. This aspect indicates the use of internal resources as a competitive advantage even if the external resources are similar. Conclusion Strategy development is very crucial for any company. It helps the company continue moving towards reaching its goals. It is imperative, therefore, for managers and strategic planners to take a critical analysis and exploration of the vital strategy development tools to be in a position to come up with useful strategies that lead to goal achievement. Indisputably, if the above-discussed tools are appropriately considered in strategic development, companies will be in a position to out-compete their opponents and reach their long-term goals. References Armstrong, T. (2014). Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education, 6 (9), 65-78. Bohari, A. (2016). The competitiveness of halal food industry in Malaysia: A SWOT-ICT analysis. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 3 (8), 47-55. Bull, J. (2015). Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework. Ecosystem services, 4 (7), 45-76. Giedrimas, V. (2016). The evolution of automated component-based software development tools: From the structural synthesis of programs to behavioral types. In Information Science and Communications Technologies, 4 (8), 54-70. Harris, K. (2015). Practice-based professional development and self-regulated strategy development for Tier 2, at-risk writers in second grade. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 5 (2), 43-65. Lamas Leite, J. (2015). Using Analytic Hierarchy Process to Optimize PESTEL Scenario Analysis Tool in Huge Construction Projects. In Applied Mechanics and Materials, 4 (9), 34-56. Mkude, C. (2014). Studying Interdependencies of E-government Challenges in Tanzania along with a Pestel Analysis. Strategy Development, 6 (8), 65-77. Niederwieser, D. (2015). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation activity worldwide in 2012 and a SWOT analysis of the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. SWOT analysis, 3 (8), 77-90. Paroutis, S. (2014). Visual interactions with strategy tools: producing strategic knowledge in workshops. British Journal of Management, 3 (7), 45-76. Waas, T. (2014). Sustainability assessment and indicators: Tools in a decision-making strategy for sustainable development. Sustainability, 4 (9), 32-50.

Outcasting the Outcast free essay sample

You have thoroughly out-done yourself this time. Your exaggeration, nosiness, and obsession with our group were all qualities that we could escape, but now you are officially infringing on our ability to safely enjoy our backpacking trip. This five day hike along the Appalachian Trail is an honor rewarded only to the oldest and most readily equipped individuals, and the group bonding opportunities are magically binding. As the unspoken leader of the first wave of hikers, it is your job to keep us at a good pace and warn us of untamed roots, eroded dirt, or any sort of creatures (alive or dead) obstructing our booted feet from getting to everyone’s final goal: the shelter for the night. Since you feel the need to show off by creating massive and inconsistent gaps between you and your â€Å"beloved† group mates, we have come to a conclusion: it is time for a coup. We will write a custom essay sample on Outcasting the Outcast or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Well, this coup was not my idea, but I wasn’t going to be the one to say no. In fact, when my peers nudged at my pack and whispered words of inspiration, I was surprisingly willing to save the day. But Eric was my social project. If I caved into my friends’ pressure, if I got angry now and showed my frustration, I would contradict everything I had done to make him a trail leaderaˆâ€ or at least a hiker who did not ignore the rules. On the other hand, I didn’t really give a rat’s a** now. So the decision was made: I would quickly hike into the leading position without a word and just continue the hike how it started, how it was meant to be. My opportunity came sooner than I expected. The path opened up to an uncharacteristic part of the trail, a wide clearing coated in moderately sized rocks to contain erosion. It gave me the perfect space to launch myself forwardaˆâ€ I would â€Å"use the hill† and â€Å"dig deep,† ultimately putting me at the head of the group. Unfortunately, Eric was thinking (and hiking) on his toes, and he recognized the attack on his throne. Kicking it into high gear, we both started trucking up the hill like mountain goats. Of course he would pick up the pace: everything was a competition to him and I had just given him someone to fight. Then, it was a good idea for me to give him the rope to hang himself. As I pulled into the lead, his huffing and puffing distracted me for just a moment, and there it was: a rock, split perfectly down the middle as if by the devil himself. As the rock held my ankle, my body and my ego came to a crashing halt, and I buckled over. Eric took this opportunity and pulled up the hill, his blatant disregard for my injury. I propped myself up using my three uninjured limbs and stampeded up the rest of the hill like an angry mother wildebeest. With an adrenaline rush and sheer determination propelling me, I made it to the top before him. From my perspective, I was a bestial juggernaut clawing up this mountain. From the rest of the group’s perspective, I was a pathetic and feeble sloth, slow-motion lurching up this hill in a manner so unnatural that I did not fit with the endless forest surrounding me. The trip leaders quickly surrounded me with their bright red first aid bag while Eric quietly trudged up the last rocky mound to the shelter. When I overheard Eric parading his accomplishment to the rest of the group my gut filled with a hatred that could be comparable to the scorched heat of getting branded. Worst of all I had turned into the most glaring cliche of all time: I didn’t know who I hated more, him or myself. My knee was potentially ruined because of a temporary frustration. I had crippled myself in an unholy triumvirate: ligament, muscle, and cartilage tears lent my knee into a blotted bubbling cauldron of swelling caught underneath my skin. Two years, one surgery, and three long bouts of physical therapy later, you still don’t know of my immature, one sided detestation of you, and probably never will. You will probably never know how to love hiking the way I had hoped you could. You will probably never know how much I hate you for ruining this and every other sport I will ever try. You will probably never know how difficult it will be to even contemplate forgiving you in the next decade. And most definitely Eric, you will never know how much I hate myself for deciding that I was going to run up that hill and show you â€Å"who’s boss.†

Reflections on Bach essays

Reflections on Bach essays Bach's Cello Suites survive in only two handwritten copies, one by a student, the other in the notebooks of Bach's wife, Anna Magdalena; however, both people were extremely careless when copying Bach's bowings, and this is part of the reason why so many contradictory bowings exist today. For example, in the Gigue of the Third Suite some editions use a detached bowing for each note, while other cellists prefer a more connected and flowing bow.. The latter lacks the liveliness the first bowing gives the piece, but the sound is more resonant and is more appealing to the audience in a large hall. The polyphonic nature of the pieces is another point worth considering when deciding the bowings, since a wrong bowing might incorrectly interpret a two-part counterpoint passage as a melodic phrase. This is evident in the Prelude of the Third Suite, where alternation of high and low notes appears throughout. Of all the editions I have played, none successfully compromises between the multi-voi ce texture and technical difficulties. One edition preserved the polyphonic nature by using one bow for each voice, but brought inextricable difficulties. Since the lower voice, which provided the harmony for the upper voice, mainly consisted of passages twice as long as the upper voice, the bow needed to go slower on the lower passages and faster on the upper ones, while at the same time the sound quality had to be maintained on both voices. The simplest solution to technical problems is to use a separate bow on each note, which is what one of the other editions I used did, but in doing so the polyphonic contrast has to be sacrificed. Another fault of the latter edition is that when changing the bow, a slight unwanted noise is produced if the performer eases his caution even slightly; on an inferior instrument like the one I use, unwanted noises are amplified along with the proper sounds, resulting in a not entirely pleasant experience both on the listener...

Americas Democracy

The United States is a republic, or a representative democracy. Democracy, the word conveyed to us from Greece literally means the rule of people (romantic, July 8). This broad definition, who is human beings of, how they to reign, and do not answer to the important details, such as that they should follow (July 8). Defining answers to these questions means to define a model for democracy. William E. Hudson, in his book America in the crisis of democracy: conservation, development, diversity, and participatory democracy (Hudson, 8-19) defines four models. Democracy in the United States is the type of government that the US uses everyday. In the United States, democracy is now dominated. If America becomes democratic, people have their own opinion. Democracy has meaning and value. Democracy is a system that the government uses to comply. This Government's values ​​are designed to satisfy American citizens and their needs. Democracy seems to be different from the type of citizens making up the American society. Multiple American democracy American democracy Over the years, American democracy has changed. We have started to build a republic and still exist to some extent but otherwise we became a democratic country and to some extent became a socialist country. We still have voting colleges and electoral colleges. This is an example of how we are still a republic. One example of how we look to democracy is the union. When labor unions gather and cast a vote in favor of strikes etc ... that is ... ... democracy is a form of government with equal opinion on the decisions that all qualified citizens affect their lives . . With democracy, qualified citizens can participate equally in proposal, development and legal development, either directly or through elected representatives. It includes social, economic and cultural conditions that allow equal execution of freedom and political self-determination rights Is the United States a representative democracy ? The United States can be expressed as representative democracy It may be said that there are technical differences. The term representative democracy is to mean comparatively non-democratic republics You can use it, but please watch this conversation. Why do people say that America is not a democracy but a republic? Usually, it is a semantic problem, sometimes a political party problem, but sometimes people get absorbed in technical terms. For the basic government type, democracy implies direct democracy in this regard, and America says it is not direct democracy, it contains only a few alternatives. Americas Democracy The United States is a republic, or a representative democracy. Democracy, the word conveyed to us from Greece literally means the rule of people (romantic, July 8). This broad definition, who is human beings of, how they to reign, and do not answer to the important details, such as that they should follow (July 8). Defining answers to these questions means to define a model for democracy. William E. Hudson, in his book America in the crisis of democracy: conservation, development, diversity, and participatory democracy (Hudson, 8-19) defines four models. Democracy in the United States is the type of government that the US uses everyday. In the United States, democracy is now dominated. If America becomes democratic, people have their own opinion. Democracy has meaning and value. Democracy is a system that the government uses to comply. This Government's values ​​are designed to satisfy American citizens and their needs. Democracy seems to be different from the type of citizens making up the American society. Multiple American democracy American democracy Over the years, American democracy has changed. We have started to build a republic and still exist to some extent but otherwise we became a democratic country and to some extent became a socialist country. We still have voting colleges and electoral colleges. This is an example of how we are still a republic. One example of how we look to democracy is the union. When labor unions gather and cast a vote in favor of strikes etc ... that is ... ... democracy is a form of government with equal opinion on the decisions that all qualified citizens affect their lives . . With democracy, qualified citizens can participate equally in proposal, development and legal development, either directly or through elected representatives. It includes social, economic and cultural conditions that allow equal execution of freedom and political self-determination rights Is the United States a representative democracy ? The United States can be expressed as representative democracy It may be said that there are technical differences. The term representative democracy is to mean comparatively non-democratic republics You can use it, but please watch this conversation. Why do people say that America is not a democracy but a republic? Usually, it is a semantic problem, sometimes a political party problem, but sometimes people get absorbed in technical terms. For the basic government type, democracy implies direct democracy in this regard, and America says it is not direct democracy, it contains only a few alternatives.

Risk assessment plan Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Risk assessment plan - Math Problem Example The paper tells that in coming up with a risk management plan, there are several steps involved. The first step is identifying the risk factors involved. In this stage, the event, probability, impact, contingency, reduction and exposure is established. The event simply means an act or incidence that might happen, probability defines the likelihood of an event occurring, impact is the consequence of an event happening. Mitigation happens to be how much the probability of an event may be reduced. Reduction is represented mathematically as the product of mitigation and contingency, whereas exposure is the result of reduction subtracted from risk. In the initial steps, the project's risk management team has to identify the risks as well as their probabilities and consequences. The risks and threats are then analyzed and a risk profile created depending on the consequence and likelihood of occurrence. The threats and risks that are involved in this project may be subdivide into three main categories based on the entity the most impact is felt. The divisions may be environmental, personnel and the public. The contractor may have to execute his task with the railway being in use. Rubble and materials used overhead are a threat to the public, while the running railway is a risk to the experts on the project. Using the profiling, collapse of the bridge during construction may be catastrophic, yet rare thus falling in the high-risk category of the assessment profile. Probabilistic risk analysis (PRA) or quantitative risk analysis (QRA) or probabilistic safety analysis (PSA) is one of the most used methods of analysing risk in project development and operation (Bedford & Cooke, 2001, p. 210). The use of this technique supports and validates the improvement of control and mitigation measures against threats. Incorporating probability in the project risk management gives the problem a wider scope and allows the stakeholders a better grasp of uncertainty and the need to impr ove on the risk control measures chosen for a given project. Incorporating probability in the development process allows in the assessment of what may happen, its likelihood and the possible consequences in the case of its occurrence. The works of Kaplan and Garrick in defining uncertainties and risk in mathematical terms aids in programming. The definition of risk as a set of scenarios Si, each with a probability Pi and a consequence Xi, generate a risk curve based on the increase or decrease in severity (Goodwin & Wright, 2003, p. 49). From this, programmers can assess inputs through the variations of the severity, consequence and frequency. The Scenario represents the probabilistic sample space in which event is contained (both favourable and unfavourable) each with a chance of occurring. However, in the probabilistic equations, the chances might be equal or biased; in the risk, assessment equality of the scenarios is hard to come by. The chances of occurrence in pure probability are equated to frequency in risk management. The ideology behind introducing the probability of frequency allows the risk analysis to be conducted based on empirical data. If a given project, in a given period, suffers a number of threats and risks the probability of a certain threat can be equated to the number of times it has

Cross Culture Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cross Culture Management - Essay Example Initially as a student I tried co-operating with my fellows so as to achieve mutual goals but the approach of collectivism started to negatively impact my progress since I wasn’t recognized as an individual with higher self esteem and confidence. In order to adjust into the new environment I started focusing only on myself but then I recognized another cultural issue i.e. the different nature of social relationships. In China people prefer to have hierarchies while maintaining their assigned positions in a formal manner. On the other hand Americans have egalitarian approach towards social relations which are comparatively informal in nature. Moreover, least value is given to the social standards in America which is actually beneficial for the social development but this cultural aspect is difficult to adopt by the Chinese. Hence at first it was very hard for me to move with people who were having lower social status than me. Friendship plays a very important role when it comes to education and career development. Chinese usually have few lifetime friends with greater sense of obligation towards one another but Americans emphasize on maintaining a large circle of friends who change over the time and do not have long time mutual obligations. This is further related to the idea of avoiding interdependence as Americans have an individualistic approach towards life. Being Chinese I did not know this fact before and for that reason I tried to have reciprocal obligations with my friends in USA. This actually caused me much trouble as I always had too many expectations from my immediate acquaintances. Furthermore, Americans give preference to the accomplishment of tasks over the relationships whereas Chinese are considerably relationship oriented. For instance, if I have an argument with my friend while working on a project then in order to complete work he would rather join another group or submit an individua l project without giving importance to our

Youth Violence Essay Example for Free

Youth Violence Essay Youth violence in the United States is a major social problem that will inevitably get worse. Criminologists and state authorities are more concerned on the issue of youth violence than adult violence because the crimes involving the youth are becoming more violent and are continuously increasing the number of juvenile offenders (Zimring, 1998, xi). During the mid 1990s, the increasing rate of violence involving the youth alarmed state authorities that committee hearings in the Congress had been scheduled for it. In one of the hearings, Representative Bill McCollum said that â€Å"even though there is a decline in rates of violence, the increasing rate of violent crimes by young offenders are alarming† (cited in Zimring, 1998, xi) In a report published by the Office of the Juvenile Justice and Prevention Program of the U. S. Department of Justice, there are nearly 2. 2 million arrests of persons below 18 years old (Snyder, 2008). This involves theft, arson, robbery, murder, drug abuse, weapons law violation and rape. In this year alone, almost one of very eight crimes recorded in the United States are committed by juvenile offenders (Snyder, 2008). There are also more than 619,453 offenses, of which 181,468 youth offenders arrested, recorded from various schools in the country for a five-year period from 2000 up to 2004 (Noonan Vavra, 2007). Of those recorded, the age brackets of the offenders are: 38. 0 percent 13-15 year olds; 30. 7 percent 16-18 year; 18. 2 percent 19 or older; and 11. 0 percent -10-12 year olds. (Noonan Vavra, 2007). Zimring (1998) believes that the lenient treatment on juvenile delinquents and crimes involving the youth in the 1980s may have been contributed to its increase in the 1990s. (p. 7) There are already numerous studies and researches done to study the reasons behind such antisocial behavior of the youth. Prothrow-Stith Spivak (2004) believes that the cycle of violence usually starts at home (p. 49). Youths who witnessed violence at home when they were still a child, are most likely to commit a criminal offense upon reaching the puberty stage. There are also numerous factors that are most likely related to youth violence, such as: alcohol, binge drinking and drug abuse; media hype and cultural norms that patronize or promote violence in the society; vulnerability of young persons, particularly adolescents; racial discrimination; poverty; and violent or not unfriendly family background (Prothrow-Stith Spivak, 2004, p. 49). Now, the challenge among state authorities is to conduct effective prevention programs on the issue. Counselors and psychiatrists believe that prevention program is more effective than having a stricter juvenile justice system. Prothrow-Stith Spivak (2004) challenge the people concerned in the prevention of youth violence to actually confront the status quo and the whole juvenile justice system (p. 227). Professionals that are usually working with juvenile offenders should be trained on how to understand the illnesses, sufferings and offenses of the offenders rather than just reacting on actual cases. Most programs funded by state agencies available for the youth are usually for the treatment of the problems encountered by them, rather than helping the youth to prevent and handle it. Millions of public funds have been spent on persecuting and incarcerating offenders but minimal funds have been allocated into stopping the current problem of adolescent people getting involved in illicit and violent behaviors (Prothrow-Stith Spivak, 2004, p. 230). Youth violence is undeniably a national issue to that needs to be addressed. The resolution of this issue however is not only an area of concern of state authorities, but also a collective conscious effort of sectors that should be involved such as the family, media, school authorities and even the youth themselves. Only with the proper understanding and analysis on the problem that will ensure the resolution of it. References Noonan, J. J Vavra, M. C. (2007, October) Crime in Schools and Colleges: A Study of Offenders and Arrestees Reported via National Incident-Based Reporting System Data. The Card Report. Prothrow-Stith, D. Spivak, H. R. (2004) Murder Is No Accident: Understanding and Preventing Youth Violence in America. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Snyder, H. N (2008, November). Juvenile Arrests 2006. Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Retrieved March 27, 2009, from http://www. ncjrs. gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/221338. pdf. Zimring, F. E. (1998) American Youth Violence. New York: Oxford University Press.

Prejudice and Racism Today :: Sociology Racism Prejudice Essays

"...Everybody jumped on him, beat the hell out of him... Everybody was hitting him or kicking him. One guy was kicking at his spine. Another guy hitting on the side of the face... He was unconscious. He was bleeding. Everybody had blood on their forearms. We ran back up the hill laughing... He should have died... He lost so much blood he turned white. He got what he deserved" (Ridgeway 167.) The skinheads who performed this random act of racial violence in 1990, had no reason to brutally beat their victim other than the fact that he was Mexican (Ridgeway 167). Racism is objectively defined as any practice of ethnic discrimination or segregation. Fortunately, racial violence is steadily declining as the turn of the century approaches. Now a new form of racism, covert racism, has recently sprung from the pressures of political correctness. This new form of racism, although slowly declining, still shows signs of strong support (Piazza 86). Covert racism assumes a form of civil disobedience against politically correct thought and speech. Essentially, covert racism is a "hidden" racism, or a racism not easily detected (Piazza 78). "Racism is still strongly prevalent in today's society" (Gudorf 3). The three different basic forms of racism, open racism, violent racism, and covert racism all express forms of hatred towards distinct ethnic groups (Bender 47). These basic forms of racism, although different in form, all have the same main purpose, to promote racism. Open racism expresses freedom of racial thought and speech. Open racists promote their views through strictly persuasionary tactics. This form of racism is allowed in our society because of the First Amendment. Open racism is currently almost nonexistent and steadily declining, because it is considered politically incorrect and socially unacceptable. Violent racism promotes racism through violence, fear, and persuasionary tactics (Leone 49) This form of racism is not protected by the First Amendment because it promotes violence to express its ideas. Unfortunately many violent racial groups claim they do not promote violence, and therefore these groups are protected by the First Amendment because not enough sufficient evidence exists to prove their violent intent (Ridgeway 123). Covert racism expresses ideas of racism in disguised forms; sometimes the covert racist is not even aware of the fact that he is racist. "Racism, it is asserted, is no longer blatant: people nowadays are reluctant to express openly their dislike of and contempt for minorities, indeed are not prepared to express publicly a sentiment that could be interpretted as racist. Racism, it is said, is subtle: it is disguised, kept out of sight" (Enrlich 73) "The

Othello William Shakespeare Essay

* William Shakespeare created one of his most famous plays Othello to investigate in an influential manner the unrelenting issues of racial discrimination and gender equility. Based on the tale ‘Un Capitano Moro’ (The Moorish Captain) by Giovanni Cinthio, Othello was written during the epoch of 1603. Due to the actions of Othello, in the midst of a small cast, there is an exploration of sexual jealousy, and thus this play has earned a title of a domestic tragedy. * In this, the final scene depicts how the tragic hero Othello acquiesces to his incurable blemish and reaches his cessation. The foreseeable ending is cathartic for the audience to experience catharsis, as they experience a passionate feeling of trepidation and pity. Shakespeare shows how he is able to differentiate an individual’s personality in the unchanging hierarchy of his society. * This was achieved through the Turkish invasion in Cyprus where the Venetians fought purely for national identity. Intertwined in the play, the Machiavellian character of Iago brings a certain rise to chaos and blurs out all the lines between appearance and reality. Saying this, by Shakespeare’s intense use of language, the emotional engaging final scene, brings back a certain order; giving light to issues of truth, race and female insubordination and defining the central protagonist. Context: * Written between 1601 and 1604, Othello’s context is based around the eras of the Elizabethan and Jacobean epochs of English history. Between the two different periods, the Renaissance ideologies are greatly encompassed. These ideologies are that of a cultural movement occurring throughout Europe in the 14th to the 17th centuries. In the crux of this era, a deep understanding of characters and issues in Othello may perhaps be attained from the initial actions of the play, being set in one of the foremost cities of the Italian Renaissance. Moreover, this period also brought with it the Protestant Reformation which was commenced by Martin Luther which viewed the refusal of medieval Christian values. The Protestant theology believed that God’s divine plan of rational and moral logic was constant throughout society; one which developed in the unchallengeable hierarchy. * The Chain of Being was the reason for such order whereby it relegate all beings to ones rightful place and purpose in the universe. To preserve such a harmony, people had to develop reason and intellect to rule their emotions. In difference to such strict array, the Renaissance also gave rise to Humanism. Pico Della Mirandola here declared that â€Å"one could become as low as an animal or through intellect and imagination become equivalent to God, at least in understanding†1, which I believe may have shaped Shakespeare’s traditional thinking in Othello. * The selection of using a black tragic hero was indeed controversial, and furthermore those â€Å"Blackamoors† in Shakespeare’s previous dramas were without a doubt wicked. This is exemplified through Aaron in Titus Andronicus where this drama exclaimed ‘If one good deed in all my life I did, I do repent it to my very soul’(Act 5, Scene 3). Due to the conflict with Spain during the Elizabethan period, Blackamoors arrived in England and were reduced to servants or slaves. Therefore it is obvious that the audience of the era would have seen Othello’s superior military position as a serve rebellion to natural order. * Nevertheless, although the importance of race in Othello, it is essential that the audience recognises that the play is created primarily for the concern with class and subordination rather than forceful racism. The historical and geographical setting also plays a major influence in bringing various amounts of symbolism to the play. Venice was seen as a locus of Christian civilisation, rational order, culture and prosperity. It was also linked with poisoning as it was the birthplace of Niccolo Machiavelli. Moreover, the city was at the forefront of the battle, between the Christians and the Turks; who were seen as malicious, barbaric infidels. * The conflict was move to the island of Cyprus in 1570 which was a place isolated from civilisation and allied with Aphrodite, the goddess of love- and thus deemed a place of wild infatuation. Therefore we can see how this setting is able to show Othello’s inner conflict and dichotomy of identities; between the civilised and the barbaric, the Christian and the Pagan, the good and the evil within himself. Theme 1: Women * According to the time that the play was written in and the general hierarchy within Venetian society men hold all the power and women are considered to be of low intellect. Yet it is the women that speak the most sense throughout the play and it is also the women that are able to trust other characters in the play. Each woman represents a different social level, Desdemona being the highest and Bianca being of the lowest. Each sexual relationship in the play provokes some jealousy between the couple. * Bianca does not appear in the play as much as the other female characters yet her presence is key to the death of Desdemona as well as other play themes. Iago often refers to her as a prostitute, â€Å"A house wife that by selling her desires, Buys herself bread and clothes†. She has fallen in love with Cassio, yet he does not speak of his returned affection for her due to his desire for status, and her social standing would affect this dramatically. She is the jealous partner in this relationship and expresses this when Cassio produces Desdemona’s handkerchief, which Iago has planted in Cassio’s room. * As Iago’s wife and Desdemona’s lady in waiting Emilia helps link Iago’s plan. It was she whom supplied the Desdemona’s handkerchief for Iago. This helps Iago distort Othello’s views about Desdemona’s fidelity. It is interesting that she does not question Iago too much when she gives him the handkerchief, it could be considered that this illustrates female ability to trust in the play. However she also remains ignorant of the entire plot until the end, when her life comes to an abrupt ending, at the hands of her husband, Iago. She often failed to think before saying and performing some action. This, without much thought, uncovers her husband’s plan, but she fails to consider the consequences for herself. This is very different to her husband, who seems to plan out every word in order to get the right response. It is apparent that this is quite an unhappy marriage, made clearer through their dissimilar personalities. She has many honorable qualities such as her honesty in addition to her loyalty towards Desdemona. Iago does not treat her like his wife until he requires something; this shows this marriage was purely one in order to gain status among piers. * Throughout the play Desdemona is a symbol of innocence and helplessness. However on first encounter with her she appears to be mature and quite perceptive of events around her. Iago often tells Othello that she is unfaithful. It seems that she refuses to accept what is happening. Her views are impartial. She has a tendency to be sympathetic towards other people’s situations, like Cassio. This also further inspired Othello’s jealousy when Iago pointed out they were speaking in privacy. She often pays attention to other peoples thoughts yet remains cynical if they differ to her own. She has a loyalty to her husbands in all aspects of life, whether it is mental or physical. If Desdemona had been an emotional void then Iago would not have succeeded in his plan. This would have meant that she would not have lied to Othello about losing the handkerchief, which she did so as not to hurt his feelings. However Othello sees this as an attempt to deceive him and conceal the alleged truth about her affair with Cassio. Even her final words, indicate that she blames her death on herself, and not her jealous husband. * Othello was indeed a tragedy, in which out of the three women that are introduced, only one survived. Although the women were all rational in thought and trusting, their trust was often misplaced, in gentlemen like Iago. As well as this regardless of their intellect and contemplation of events around them (in some cases) this was not enough for them to rise up in society, as women had no opinion in the time of the play. Although Shakespeare undertook many modern day ideas, he did not do this for a modern day society, as it would not have allowed so many events to occur, and it would not have been considered realistic by the viewing public. Theme 2: Appearance vs Reality. * When we are able to see the hidden truth in the closing scene of Othello, the distinct battle between appearance and reality is concluded, giving a clear exposure to the understanding of all the characters and issues of the play. Notably, productions of Othello during the Elizabethan epoch would have used a white actor as the protagonist, and masked their skin with black makeup. * This ultimately emphasises the immense difference between external appearances and the internal reality, whereby the obvious dishonesty of the white Iago is juxtaposed with a fundamentally dignified black Othello. This is further promoted by the lines of the Duke in Act 1, who confirms that ‘If virtue no delighted beauty lack/ Your son-in-law is far more fair than black’. * Iago has the ability to clearly identity the fraud of appearances; as also he is the most likely to lie, he gains a trust from all characters in the play which concludes as being fatal to Othello. Iago further says ‘I am not what I am’, as he is able to put on a fake honesty in society and only tells of his wickedness in soliloquy with the audience. * Thus wickedness allows Iago to affect the thinking of Othello and moreover creating a crude image that ‘Cassio did top  her’, hence believing his obscure reasoning and logic and making Othello take this as the truth leading to his disastrous endings. The soubriquet of â€Å"Honest Iago† is continually reiterated by Othello, Cassio and Desdemona; hence it is cynically mocking those he wanted to deceive. Moreover, in the closing scene, the truth is slowly revealed as Iago is finally revealed as the villain who he is seen by the audience throughout the whole play. * Although, in the final resolution to ‘never speak word’, Shakespeare is able to penetrate the message of the very mysterious and inevitable human nature which Iago represents. Actions made by Othello are depended on the characters ability to not see things. He is able to blame and prosecute Desdemona even though he never witnessed her so called unlawful act against him, and Emilia- although she does witness Othello’s extreme anger and sadness over the loss of the handkerchief- she does not properly see what her husband has done to cause this. * Thus it is obvious to see how the importance of the ‘eye’ imagery in the final scene as it helps to demonstrate a material realisation of the actual fatal truth. Once Othello has committed his own suicide, Iago is invited by Lodovico to ‘Look on the tragic loading of this bed/ This is thy work. The object poisons sight, let it be hid’. * Formerly, Iago poisoned Othello by pouring ‘this pestilence into his ear’. Conversely, it is as though Shakespeare is parodying the heroes need for ‘ocular proof, as it ends as the eye which receives the poison; with the man himself Othello being a part of the typical ending for a Shakespearean play, a horrific massacre. We then gain an understanding from the conclusiveness of death a certain reality and moral implication on issues of truth within the final scene. * Furthermore, it is only a given that Emilia protects Desdemona as ‘the sweetest thing that ere did lift up eye’, followed by Othello confirming his own wife’s truthful innocence by declaring of her look that ‘This look of thine will hurl my soul from heaven’. Hence in the closing scene of the play, Shakespeare uses both visual and auditory imagery to show the difference between appearance and reality and deepen our understanding of the character Othello. Theme 3: Order and Chaos * The final scene, due to Elizabethan context, brings to place the restitution of order; which helps to reunite the characters with concerns they have detained throughout the play. All Shakespearean plays depict a hierarchic society to maintain the cosmic laws of God. * A great amount of torment in the 17th century came from this Great Chain of Being, as a disturbance of this order possibly would force the world into great chaos, one which out does any of the kind. Othello is given two roles in this, one as the creator of chaos, and the other, the protector of order. Being held at high regard as the military general gave him the label of a hero and defender of Venetian civilisation. * However, due to his race and colour, Othello also was seen to be threatening the white authority of the state. Much the same of the island of Cyprus, Othello was colonised by Venice, and used, however never fully becomes a Venetian. * With social fears of miscegenation, Othello’s position as an outsider was forced upon him, and hence by Brabantio’s repulsion at the harsh image of a ‘black ram tupping your white ewe’. Yet, like all Shakespearean plays, order is restored in the final scene. In this scene, Othello is able to re-establish himself as a heroic soldier through his suicide, by getting rid of the barbaric Turkish enemy. Through the uses of chaos and order, it represents the battle between Christians and Infidels. In the closing scene of Othello, Emilia reiterates ‘play the swan/ and die in music’. * This natural imagery says that it is possible that the laws of nature or religion are extremely powerful in society. This belief is further exemplified through the religious turmoil of the previous century, as Protestants were harshly persecuted under the rulings of Queen Mary I. * Thus, it is obvious how religious devotion kept world order. We can further link Othello’s character to black magic and a pagan history through items such as the handkerchief, illustrating the disorder of the unknown to the Venetians. This is further linked with Christopher Marlowe’s, Doctor Faustus who is able to create a sense of disorder through his associations with the devil. Saying this, at the ending of Othello, Shakespeare verifies that chaos and disorder can occupy the microcosm of an individual. * As Othello states ‘Perdition catch my soul/ But I do love thee; and when I love thee not/ Chaos is come again’, we can see how he foreshadows an expression of self chaos at the loss of Desdemona’s love. Next to the ‘temptation scene’ of Act 3, we see how Othello succumbs to the ‘green eyed monster’ of pure jealously brought on through Iago’s evil mind games. * This extremely powerful human emotion releases the beast hidden in Othello. This can greatly be seen in the breakdown of his language which has been his tool to command order throughout the whole play; typical of his contextual authority. He cries ‘Pish! Noses, ears,/and lips. Is’t possible? Confess-handkerchief! O/devil! ’, illustrating his confused mind and disorderly insecurity over Desdemona’s fidelity. However, as the play closes, Shakespeare leads Othello back to person order. * In ‘killing himself to die upon a kiss’, Othello is able to seal his bond with his sweet and innocent wife, Desdemona and eventually dies in an act of love. Ultimately, the final scene of Othello, illustrates to the audience the utmost importance of the restoration of order, in terms of both social structure and the individual. Conclusion: The final scene of Shakespeare’s Othello, offers us a sometimes erratic, emotion and foreseeable series of events. However this type of ending is extremely effective. It is in agreement with various traditional Aristotelian tragedies by the way it involves an intense feeling of pity and fear for the audience’s entertainment. Moreover, the exaggerated ending of the play brings intensity and incites the readers to look upon the nature of the characters in the various issues amongst the play. Mainly, in the final scene, we see the flaws of the tragic hero, the Machiavellian disposition of Iago, the way women are seen and positioned in Shakespearian context and lastly the necessity of order after the use of chaotic dimensions. Ultimately, the various emotions and thoughts put upon the audience in this final scene of the play Othello, helps promote and illustrate how it is one of Shakespeare’s most intriguing and controversial plays.

Fast Food Restaurant Description

Scene in a Fast Food Restaurant. I push through the crowds of young people hovering outside the automatic doors of Burger King, kicking the empty paper cups and bags out of my way. Stepping inside, the first thing that hits me is the sound. It crashes over me, engulfing me, drawing me in. I step closer, into the midst of it. To my left sit a young couple, anxiously feeding their toddler chicken nuggets dipped in tomato sauce. The two year old cries and whines, putting his hand up to his mouth as if to say ‘no, no more. ’ The group of young people to my right are laughing, shouting and flirting.One of the boys has stolen a girl’s milkshake and she leans across her friends, giggling happily, to try and snatch it back. I can hear the radio playing faintly. The newest, noisiest dance track struggles to be heard in the room full of people, resembling a school canteen. As I make my way upstairs I pass a smartly dressed businessman, holding a brown bag containing a burge r, and his other hand to hold his drink. He has his mobile phone trapped between his ear and his shoulder and he jabbers away to his colleague about ‘redundancies’.An elderly woman, accompanied by two young, brightly dressed grandchildren, frowns at the man as she makes her way past, children in tow. The smell of the greasy, fatty burgers is overpowering now, and I can hardly breathe for the stench if freshly cooked French fries. They coat the floor, like a three-inch carpet, soft underfoot. I wonder why these restaurants even bother installing bins – nobody seems inclined to use them. Spotting no empty tables, I make my way back downstairs to order my food. I overtake the queue if people waiting for ‘veggie-burgers’ and order large fries and a chocolate milkshake.The young girl who serves me can’t be much older than myself, yet she looks older, more tired, world-weary. Her shoulder length hair hangs limp and greasy under her baseball cap, and her red t-shirt is stained with fat and fizzy drinks. The woman next to me has dropped her tray, and someone with a mop rushes to clean up the split cola, before anyone has a chance to fall in it. I smell the air, take a French fry out of the packet, pop it in my mouth and sigh. It tastes like grease, unhealthy and fattening. Looking around me, I decide to find a bench outside and, licking my lips in anticipation of my milkshake, I go in search of one.

Lord of the Flies Chapter Summaries Essay Example

Lord of the Flies Chapter Summaries Essay Example Lord of the Flies Chapter Summaries Paper Lord of the Flies Chapter Summaries Paper Essay Topic: Lord Of the Flies Chapter1 â€Å"A leader take people where they want to go. A great leader takes people where they don’t necessary want to go, but ought be. â€Å"in chapter 1 there are two boys, Ralph and Jack who seem to have the leadership skill to the other reach their goal. However the two boys are different, showing by Golding’s destruction reflect the inner through of the two boys. Jack is a type person who over control others by force the choir wear the black cloak in a hot weather and the speech of when they vote for the leader says by Jack† I ought be chief, because i can sing c sharp† (28). The speech proved his desired of the power, and it’s a danger path. Also showing by the end of the chapter when jack let the pig got away and he said to Ralph and in a way to himself, that he will bring the pig next, showing a sign of future condition of he became savagery. On other hand, Ralph is different, he seem to have the vision to see for a longer terms view. The boys have vote him to be the chief as he have attacked to bring the attention of the boys and most important, he is the one blow the chock gather the boys. In a way showing Golding had fever in him to made him find the conch. Also, by chapter 1 he seem to have the ability to be a great leader lead the boys here they â€Å"ought be†- home. By his action of giving up his power as chief to calm Jack’s emotion as well as the choir’s, show his ability to be a great leader. Also, is showing by how he used the little detail for piggy ideas notice with what they should to do next showing his vision to be a good leader to lead the boy to the point reaches their goal. Chapter 2 After the boys have came back from research, they had bring up the point of â€Å"there aren’t any grownups; well have to looking after yourself†. Yet, as Ralph said, the boys are on they own now. It will be difficult for a group of boy under 12 to keep organized and follower order to be in control. The problem

Money Laundering Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Money Laundering - Research Paper Example Money Laundering It can be said that money laundering is not a cause in itself but it is a symptom that speaks about illegal activities in its root. Main Features of Money Laundering As such, money laundering is an age old activity because its underline cause lies in illegal activities such as drug trafficking, illegal production, smuggling, or tax evasion. All these underground activities have a single motive of making huge profits. Criminals attempt to legalize this money so that it can be used to acquire assets or used for their secret missions such as terrorist activities. In ‘promotional’ money laundering, money so garnered is reinvested in the illegal activities itself. The crux is that all these activities fall under a term ‘specified unlawful activities’ (SUA). Money laundering has drawn attention of the authorities in the recent years due to its role in terrorist activities as noticed during 9/11. Money laundering is rampant in most parts of the world and can cause serious economic and social implications because of its magnitude or malicious motives. Circumstantial Evidence and Money Laundering Investigators in the US need not prove that the money launderer was aware about the unlawful activity. That means that circumstantial evidence is enough for the investigator to prove that money launderer has generated the money through illicit means and juries will make note of this evidence during the trial. Thus, in the US, the money laundering charge can be proved by the investigating agency under Title 18, Section 1956, US Code through SUA proceeds; financial transaction with the sole aim to conceal or intent to conceal the proceeds; and the knowledge by culprit that the proceeds have resulted from illegal activity. It is important to note here that even clean money sent from outside the US with the purpose to promote an SUA will fall into charge of a money laundering. Thus, the intent to promote an SUA along with the movement of funds from or to t he country is enough to put someone under a charge of money laundering (Leff, 2012). Money Laundering through Spending The Title 18, Section 1957, US Code deals with another kind of the money laundering charge, known as the money spending statute that prescribes that when the culprit moves over $10,000 illegally earned proceeds through a legal ‘financial institutions’ then he or she may be convicted under the law with a 10-year maximum penalty. The investigator need not prove any other thing except the simple facts of transaction unlike proving intent of the money launderer promoting an SUA under Section 1956. Further, the word 'financial institutions' is broadly defined to include not only banks or credit unions but jewelry stores, casinos, travel agencies, most merchants, brokers, and many others through which a culprit can spend their illegally earned proceeds (Leff, 2012). Money Laundering Threat Assessment (MLTA) In 2005, for the first time, the US government did M oney Laundering Threat Assessment (MLTA).The purpose was to help regulators, policy makers and the law enforcement agencies to understand the depth and gravity of money laundering and develop strategy to thwart it. Under the MLTA, thirteen money laundering methods were analyzed in detail. The amount of dirty money in the US is certainly huge and globalization has given further impetus to this activity through on line payment possibility. Under MLTA several initiatives have been taken

Police Brutality Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Police Brutality - Research Paper Example Police more often injure arrestees after they handcuff them or even when they are at the police cells or remand. Many arrestees complain of being hurt by police officers after complying with their orders. Rogue police hit, kick, or even punch arrestees leaving them with a lot of injuries and mental torture (Elicker, 2008). At times, police use excess power when arresting people who are not resistant to the police. Only such power fit to resistant and stubborn suspects but not people who are willing to comply. Some police officers use chock holds when arresting people, which is a very intimidating and demeaning way of handling suspects since they have their human rights till proven guilty. Some police officers go to extend of hitting arrestees and other criminal suspects with harmful and dangerous instruments like guns. This exposes the victims to permanent or short-term effects. Many police brutality victims suffer brain injuries, body deformities, Spinal cord injuries and worse even , others die (Pinizzotto et al., 2012). Some police officers perceive use of electrical shock devices as a convenient way of inducing arrest of suspects. They target getting control of the arrestee without considering the effect of the shock to the individual. Consequently, many arrestees suffer from heart attacks and other personal injuries because of the electrical shock exposed to them. Police officers are only authorized by law to use guns at the last case situation but contrary, police shootings and killings are increasing on a daily basis. As a result, many deaths result from shooting misidentified individuals, and bystanders (Fox, 2011). Due to the high numbers of firing guns, chances of stray bullets are also high therefore increasing the number of deaths of innocent people. At times, police officers use a squad car to chase after a